Node.js数据流Stream之Duplex流和Transform流用法

作者:栖木时间:2026-10-25 14:38:51浏览:642

本文介绍Node.js中Duplex双工流和Transform转换流的用法。Duplex流需实现_read和_write方法,如TCP套接字;Transform流继承Duplex,需实现_transform方法处理数据转换。通过示例代码展示如何创建和使用这两种流,包括输出结果的解析。

Duplex双工流实现

Duplex流的一个典型应用实例是TCP套接字连接。在实现Duplex流时,必须实现_read(size)和_Write(data, encoding, callback)这两个核心方法。

var stream = require('stream');
var util = require('util');
util.inherits(Duplexer, stream.Duplex);
function Duplexer(opt) {
  stream.Duplex.call(this, opt);
  this.data = [];
}
Duplexer.prototype._read = function readItem(size) {
  var chunk = this.data.shift();
  if (chunk == "stop"){
    this.push(null);
  } else{
    if(chunk){
      this.push(chunk);
    }
  }
};
Duplexer.prototype._write = function(data, encoding, callback) {
  this.data.push(data);
  callback();
};
var d = new Duplexer({allowHalfOpen:true});
d.on('data', function(chunk){
  console.log('read: ', chunk.toString());
});
d.on('readable',function(){
  console.log("readable");
})
d.on('end', function(){
  console.log('Message Complete');
});
d.write("I think, ");
d.write("therefore ");
d.write("I am.");
d.write("Rene Descartes");
d.write("stop");

运行上述代码后的输出结果如下:

"C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\WebStorm 11.0.3\bin\runnerw.exe" F:\nodejs\node.exe stream_duplex.js read: I think, read: therefore read: I am. read: Rene Descartes readable readable readable Message Complete

Process finished with exit code 0

Transform转换流处理

Transform变换流是对Duplex流的扩展,它不需要重新实现_read和_write方法,而是直接提供。但需要实现_transform(chunk, encoding, callback)方法。至于_flush()方法的具体用途,目前尚不明确。

var stream = require("stream");
var util = require("util");
util.inherits(JSONObjectStream, stream.Transform);
function JSONObjectStream (opt) {
  stream.Transform.call(this, opt);
};
JSONObjectStream.prototype._transform = function (data, encoding, callback) {
  object = data ? JSON.parse(data.toString()) : "";
  this.emit("object", object);
  object.handled = true;
  this.push(JSON.stringify(object));
  callback();
};
var tc = new JSONObjectStream();
tc.on("object", function(object){
  console.log("Name: %s", object.name);
  console.log("Color: %s", object.color);
});
tc.on("data", function(data){
  console.log("Data: %s", data.toString());
});
tc.write('{"name":"Carolinus", "color": "Green"}');
tc.write('{"name":"Solarius", "color": "Blue"}');
tc.write('{"name":"Lo Tae Zhao", "color": "Gold"}');
tc.write('{"name":"Ommadon", "color": "Red"}');

运行Transform流示例代码后的输出结果如下:

"C:\Program Files (x86)\JetBrains\WebStorm 11.0.3\bin\runnerw.exe" F:\nodejs\node.exe stream_transform.js Name: Carolinus Color: Green Data: {"name":"Carolinus","color":"Green","handled":true} Name: Solarius Color: Blue Data: {"name":"Solarius","color":"Blue","handled":true} Name: Lo Tae Zhao Color: Gold Data: {"name":"Lo Tae Zhao","color":"Gold","handled":true} Name: Ommadon Color: Red Data: {"name":"Ommadon","color":"Red","handled":true}

Process finished with exit code 0

至此,关于Node.js数据流Stream中Duplex流和Transform流的用法介绍完毕。希望本文内容能对各位的学习有所帮助,也欢迎大家继续支持本站。

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