JavaScript实现图片局部放大效果：DOM与事件处理详解

<body>
  <div class="choose">
    <div class="content">
      <img src="images/small1.jpg" id = "small">
      <div class="shadow"></div>
    </div>
    <ul id = "listshow">
      <li class="selected">
        <img src="images/small1.jpg" data-img = "images/big1.jpg" alt="">
      </li>
      <li>
        <img src="images/small2.jpg" data-img = "images/big2.jpg" alt="">
      </li>
      <li>
        <img src="images/small3.jpg" data-img = "images/big3.jpg" alt="">
      </li>
      <li>
        <img src="images/small4.jpg" data-img = "images/big4.jpg" alt="">
      </li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <div class="larger">
    <img src="images/big1.jpg" id = "big">
  </div>
</body>

<style>
    *{
      padding: 0;
      margin: 0;
      list-style: none;
    }
    .choose{
      width: 400px;
      height: 600px;
      float: left;
      margin:50px 0 0 50px;
    }
    .content{
      width: 400px;
      height: 400px;
      position: relative;
    }

    .content img {
      width: 400px;
      height: 400px;
    }
    #listshow{
      width: 400px;
      height: 100px;
      margin-top: 20px;
    }
    #listshow li{
      width: 98px;
      height: 100px;
      float: left;
      border:1px solid #666;
    }
    #listshow li img{
      width: 98px;
      height: 100px;
    }
    #listshow .selected{
      border-color: brown;
    }
    .larger{
      width: 400px;
      height: 400px;
      position: absolute;
      top: 50px;
      left: 500px;
      float: left;
      overflow: hidden;
      display: none;
    }
    #big{
      width: 800px;
      height: 800px;
      position: absolute;
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
    }
    .shadow{
      width: 200px;
      height: 200px;
      background-color: rgba(145,200,200,.4);
      position: absolute;
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      z-index: 10;
      display: none;
    }
  </style>

for(var i = 0;i<showli.length;i++){
    var showitem = showli[i];
    showitem.onmouseover =showitem.onclick = function(e){
      let evt = window.event||e;
      for(var j =0;j<showli.length;j++){
        showli[j].className = "";
      }
      var showimg = this.getElementsByTagName("img")[0];
      var imgsrc = showimg.src;
      small.src = imgsrc;
      var bigsrc = showimg.getAttribute("data-img");
      big.src = bigsrc;
      this.className = "selected";
    }
  }

content.onmousemove = function (e) {
    var evt = window.event||e;

    larger.style.display = "block";
    shadow.style.display = "block";
    var clientX = evt.clientX;
    var clientY = evt.clientY;

    var scrollLeft = document.documentElement.scrollLeft||document.body.scrollLeft;
    var scrollTop = document.documentElement.scrollTop||document.body.scrollTop;

    var X = clientX+scrollLeft-chooseMarginL-shadowW/2;
    var Y = clientY+scrollTop-chooseMarginT-shadowH/2;

    if(X<=0){
      X = 0;
    }
    if(X>=maxX){
      X = maxX;
    }
    if(Y<=0){
      Y = 0;
    }
    if(Y>=maxY){
      Y = maxY;
    }
//    防止遮罩层粘滞，跟随鼠标一起滑出大图位置
    var bigX = X*bigW/contentW;
    var bigY = Y*bigH/contentH;
// bigX / bigW = X / contentW,主图和遮罩层之间存在两倍关系，放大图和原图之间也有两倍关系
    shadow.style.left = X+"px";
    shadow.style.top = Y+"px";

    big.style.left = -bigX+"px";
    big.style.top = -bigY+"px";

  }