Echarts折线图根据容器宽度自适应展示方案

作者：小积木时间：2026-10-25 22:35:15浏览：177

本文介绍在React环境中，如何利用ResizeObserver监听DOM元素尺寸变化，结合echarts的resize方法，实现折线图随容器宽度自动重绘。通过引入resize-observer-polyfill库解决浏览器兼容性问题，并提供完整的代码实现与步骤说明。

需求描述

如上图所见，在开发过程中经常会遇到容器自适应展示的功能，那么如果在需要自适应宽高的容器内，echarts折线图要怎么处理呢？

改造前代码实现流程

import React, { useRef, useEffect } from 'react';
import ReactDom from 'react-dom';
import * as echarts from 'echarts';

const Test =  () => {
  const divRef = useRef < HTMLDivElement > (null);
  const chart = useRef < echarts.ECharts > (null);
  const fontColor = "#30eee9";

  useEffect(() => {
    if (!divRef.current) return;
    let myChart = chart.current;
    if (!myChart) {
      chart.current = myChart;
      myChart = echarts.init(divRef.current);
      const option = {
        backgroundColor: "#11183c",
        grid: {
          left: "5%",
          right: "10%",
          top: "20%",
          bottom: "15%",
          containLabel: true,
        },
        tooltip: {
          show: true,
          trigger: "item",
        },
        legend: {
          show: true,
          x: "center",
          y: "35",
          icon: "stack",
          itemWidth: 10,
          itemHeight: 10,
          textStyle: {
            color: "#1bb4f6",
          },
          data: ["已采纳", "已发布"],
        },
        xAxis: [
          {
            type: "category",
            boundaryGap: false,
            axisLabel: {
              color: fontColor,
            },
            axisLine: {
              show: true,
              lineStyle: {
                color: "#397cbc",
              },
            },
            axisTick: {
              show: false,
            },
            splitLine: {
              show: false,
              lineStyle: {
                color: "#195384",
              },
            },
            data: [
              "1月",
              "2月",
              "3月",
              "4月",
              "5月",
              "6月",
              "7月",
              "8月",
              "9月",
              "10月",
              "11月",
              "12月",
            ],
          },
        ],
        yAxis: [
          {
            type: "value",
            name: "",
            min: 0,
            max: 1000,
            axisLabel: {
              formatter: "{value}",
              textStyle: {
                color: "#2ad1d2",
              },
            },
            axisLine: {
              lineStyle: {
                color: "#27b4c2",
              },
            },
            axisTick: {
              show: false,
            },
            splitLine: {
              show: true,
              lineStyle: {
                color: "#11366e",
              },
            },
          },
        ],
        series: [
          {
            name: "已采纳",
            type: "line",
            stack: "总量",
            symbol: "circle",
            symbolSize: 8,
            itemStyle: {
              normal: {
                color: "#0092f6",
                lineStyle: {
                  color: "#0092f6",
                  width: 1,
                }
              },
            },
            markPoint: {
              itemStyle: {
                normal: {
                  color: "red",
                },
              },
            },
            data: [120, 132, 101, 134, 90, 230, 210, 182, 191, 234, 290, 330],
          },
          {
            name: "已发布",
            type: "line",
            stack: "总量",
            symbol: "circle",
            symbolSize: 8,

            itemStyle: {
              normal: {
                color: "#00d4c7",
                lineStyle: {
                  color: "#00d4c7",
                  width: 1,
                },
              },
            },
            data: [220, 182, 191, 234, 290, 330, 310, 201, 154, 190, 330, 410],
          },
        ],
      };
  
      option && myChart.setOption(option);
    }
  }, []);

  return  <div style={{ width: '100%', height: 280 }} ref={divRef}/>
};

代码思路

上述功能基于React和React Hook实现。在页面渲染前获取DOM元素，若成功获取则插入Echarts配置项。当前逻辑将获取DOM与渲染方法置于useEffect中，导致折线图无法根据容器宽度自适应显示。因此，需要监听容器宽高变化并动态重绘。

处理方案

利用ResizeObserver对象监听指定DOM元素（如div）的尺寸变化（width、height等）。由于部分浏览器原生不支持该监听对象，需引入第三方库进行支持-resize-observer-polyfill。

第一步，安装依赖库：npm install resize-observer-polyfill；

第二步，在页面中引入库：import ResizeObserver from 'resize-observer-polyfill';

第三步，使用ResizeObserver监听渲染折线图的DOM元素。当监听到该DOM元素的宽高发生变化时，调用Echarts提供的resize事件进行重绘。

第四步，在页面组件销毁时，断开所有被ResizeObserver监听的节点，释放资源。

最终代码

import React, { useRef, useEffect } from 'react';
import ReactDom from 'react-dom';
import * as echarts from 'echarts';
 // 关键代码
import ResizeObserver from 'resize-observer-polyfill';

const Test = () => {
  const divRef = useRef < HTMLDivElement > (null);
  const chart = useRef < echarts.ECharts > (null);
  // 关键代码
  const myObserver = useRef < ResizeObserver > (null);
  const fontColor = "#30eee9";

  useEffect(() => {
    if (!divRef.current) return;
    let myChart = chart.current;
    if (!myChart) {
      chart.current = myChart;
      myChart = echarts.init(divRef.current);
      const option = {
        backgroundColor: "#11183c",
        grid: {
          left: "5%",
          right: "10%",
          top: "20%",
          bottom: "15%",
          containLabel: true,
        },
        tooltip: {
          show: true,
          trigger: "item",
        },
        legend: {
          show: true,
          x: "center",
          y: "35",
          icon: "stack",
          itemWidth: 10,
          itemHeight: 10,
          textStyle: {
            color: "#1bb4f6",
          },
          data: ["已采纳", "已发布"],
        },
        xAxis: [
          {
            type: "category",
            boundaryGap: false,
            axisLabel: {
              color: fontColor,
            },
            axisLine: {
              show: true,
              lineStyle: {
                color: "#397cbc",
              },
            },
            axisTick: {
              show: false,
            },
            splitLine: {
              show: false,
              lineStyle: {
                color: "#195384",
              },
            },
            data: [
              "1月",
              "2月",
              "3月",
              "4月",
              "5月",
              "6月",
              "7月",
              "8月",
              "9月",
              "10月",
              "11月",
              "12月",
            ],
          },
        ],
        yAxis: [
          {
            type: "value",
            name: "",
            min: 0,
            max: 1000,
            axisLabel: {
              formatter: "{value}",
              textStyle: {
                color: "#2ad1d2",
              },
            },
            axisLine: {
              lineStyle: {
                color: "#27b4c2",
              },
            },
            axisTick: {
              show: false,
            },
            splitLine: {
              show: true,
              lineStyle: {
                color: "#11366e",
              },
            },
          },
        ],
        series: [
          {
            name: "已采纳",
            type: "line",
            stack: "总量",
            symbol: "circle",
            symbolSize: 8,
            itemStyle: {
              normal: {
                color: "#0092f6",
                lineStyle: {
                  color: "#0092f6",
                  width: 1,
                }
              },
            },
            markPoint: {
              itemStyle: {
                normal: {
                  color: "red",
                },
              },
            },
            data: [120, 132, 101, 134, 90, 230, 210, 182, 191, 234, 290, 330],
          },
          {
            name: "已发布",
            type: "line",
            stack: "总量",
            symbol: "circle",
            symbolSize: 8,

            itemStyle: {
              normal: {
                color: "#00d4c7",
                lineStyle: {
                  color: "#00d4c7",
                  width: 1,
                },
              },
            },
            data: [220, 182, 191, 234, 290, 330, 310, 201, 154, 190, 330, 410],
          },
        ],
      };
        //关键代码， 利用observe监听折线图所在容器的宽度变化（divRef.current），在ResizeObserver回掉函数中entries返回的内容可以获取的到；最后将获取到宽度赋值给resize方法进行重绘
      myObserver.current = new ResizeObserver((entries) => {
        myChart?.resize(entries[0]?.contentRect.width);
      });
      myObserver.current.observe(divRef.current);
      myChart.setOption(option);
    }
    
    //关键代码
      return () => {
      if (chart?.current) chart.current.dispose();
      //取消所有被ResizeObserver对象监听的节点
      myObserver.current?.disconnect();
    };
  }, []);

  return (
    <div className='line' style={{ width: '100%', height: 280 }} ref={divRef} />
  )
};