详解Node.js中的异步迭代器：原理、流处理与API调用实践

const asyncIterable = [1, 2, 3];
asyncIterable[Symbol.asyncIterator] = async function*() {
  for (let i = 0; i < asyncIterable.length; i++) {
    yield { value: asyncIterable[i], done: false }
  }
  yield { done: true };
};

(async function() {
  for await (const part of asyncIterable) {
    console.log(part);
  }
})();

async function printFileToConsole(path) {
  try {
    const readStream = fs.createReadStream(path, { encoding: 'utf-8' });

    for await (const chunk of readStream) {
      console.log(chunk);
    }

    console.log('EOF');
  } catch(error) {
    console.log(error);
  }
}

const https = require('https');

function homebrewFetch(url) {
  return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
    const req = https.get(url, async function(res) {
      if (res.statusCode >= 400) {
        return reject(new Error(`HTTP Status: ${res.statusCode}`));
      }

      try {
        let body = '';

        /*
          代替 res.on 侦听流中的数据，
          我们可以用 for-await-of，并附加 data chunk
          到响应主体的其余部分
        */
        for await (const chunk of res) {
          body += chunk;
        }
    
        // 处理没有 body 的情况
        if (!body) resolve({});
        // 我们需要解析正文以获取 json，因为它是一个字符串
        const result = JSON.parse(body);
        resolve(result);
      } catch(error) {
        reject(error)
      }
    });

    await req;
    req.end();
  });
}

function fetchCatPics({ limit, page, done }) {
  return homebrewFetch(`https://api.thecatapi.com/v1/images/search?limit=${limit}&page=${page}&order=DESC`)
    .then(body => ({ value: body, done }));
}

function catPics({ limit }) {
  return {
    [Symbol.asyncIterator]: async function*() {
      let currentPage = 0;
      // Stop after 5 pages
      while(currentPage < 5) {
        try {
          const cats = await fetchCatPics({ currentPage, limit, done: false });
          console.log(`Fetched ${limit} cats`);
          yield cats;
          currentPage ++;
        } catch(error) {
          console.log('There has been an error fetching all the cats!');
          console.log(error);
        }
      }
    }
  };
}

(async function() {
  try {
    for await (let catPicPage of catPics({ limit: 10 })) {
      console.log(catPicPage);
      // Wait for 7 seconds between requests
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 7000));
    }
  } catch(error) {
    console.log(error);
  }
})()

function actualCatPics({ limit }) {
  return {
    [Symbol.asyncIterator]: () => {
      let page = 0;
      return {
        next: function() {
          page++;
          return fetchCatPics({ page, limit, done: false });
        },
        previous: function() {
          if (page > 0) {
            page--;
            return fetchCatPics({ page, limit, done: false });
          }
          return fetchCatPics({ page: 0, limit, done: true });
        }
      }
    }
  };
}

try {
    const someCatPics = actualCatPics({ limit: 5 });
    const { next, previous } = someCatPics[Symbol.asyncIterator]();
    next().then(console.log);
    next().then(console.log);
    previous().then(console.log);
} catch(error) {
  console.log(error);
}