纯JavaScript实现快递地址智能解析

纯JavaScript实现快递地址智能解析

此前完成了一些前端开发工作，近期正在整理部分具有实用价值的代码片段，例如智能地址解析功能。用户只需输入类似“张三1351111111江苏省扬州市广陵区XX小区X楼xxx室”的完整字符串，系统即可自动解析出姓名、电话号码、省市区以及详细街道地址。这种处理方式是否便捷？

项目代码暂未公开，感兴趣的用户可以访问我的个人码云仓库：https://gitee.com/w9 进行查看。

该方案采用纯JavaScript编写，不依赖jQuery，是一个轻量级的JS工具包。具体实现可参考以下代码示例：

let defaultData = [];

const mCity = {};

const mArea = {};

/**
 * 处理原始地址数据转换成专用数据
 * @param list 原始数据
 * @param init 是否初始化 如传空 已转换过不会再次转换
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
function parseArea(list, init) {
 if (!init && defaultData.length) {
 return true;
 }
 defaultData = list;
 defaultData.forEach(province => {
 if (province.city) {
  province.city.forEach(city => {
  if (city.name !== '其他') {
   if (!mCity[city.name]) {
   mCity[city.name] = [];
   }
   mCity[city.name].push({
   p: province.name,
   c: city.name,
   a: city.area || []
   });
  }
  if (city.area) {
   city.area.forEach(area => {
   if (area !== '其他') {
    if (!mArea[area]) {
    mArea[area] = [];
    }
    mArea[area].push({
    p: province.name,
    c: city.name
    })
   }
   })
  }
  })
 }
 });
}
/**
 * 解析邮编
 * @param
 * @returns <array>
 */
function zipCodeFormat() {
 let list = []
 zipCode.forEach((el) => {
 if (el.child) {
  el.child.forEach((event) => {
  if (event.child) {
   event.child.forEach(element => {
   list.push(element.zipcode)
   })
  }

  })
 }
 })
 return list;
}

//专用数据处理

let zipCodeList = zipCodeFormat();//邮编
parseArea(areaList);//地址

/**
 * 解析
 * @param address 任意地址字符串
 * @returns {{name: string, mobile: string, detail: string, zip_code: string, phone: string}}
 */
function parse(address) {
 address = address || '';
 const parse = {
 name: '',
 mobile: '',
 detail: '',
 zip_code: '',
 phone: ''
 };


 //去除空格...
 address = address.replace(/\r\n/g, ' ').replace(/\n/g, ' ').replace(/\t/g, ' ');
 address = address.replace(/\s+/g, "");
 //自定义去除关键字，可自行添加
 const search = ['地址', '收货地址', '收货人', '收件人', '收货', '邮编', '电话', '：', ':', '；', ';', '，', ',', '。', ];
 search.forEach(str => {
 address = address.replace(new RegExp(str, 'g'), ' ')
 });
 //多个空格replace为一个
 address = address.replace(/ {2,}/g, ' ');
 //整理电话格式
 address = address.replace(/(\d{3})-(\d{4})-(\d{4})/g, '$1$2$3');

 address = address.replace(/(\d{3}) (\d{4}) (\d{4})/g, '$1$2$3');

 const mobileReg = /(86-[1][0-9]{10})|(86[1][0-9]{10})|([1][0-9]{10})/g;
 const mobile = mobileReg.exec(address);
 if (mobile) {
 parse.mobile = mobile[0];
 address = address.replace(mobile[0], ' ')
 }
 //电话
 const phoneReg = /(([0-9]{3,4}-)[0-9]{7,8})|([0-9]{12})|([0-9]{11})|([0-9]{10})|([0-9]{9})|([0-9]{8})|([0-9]{7})/g;
 const phone = phoneReg.exec(address);
 if (phone) {
 parse.phone = phone[0];
 address = address.replace(phone[0], ' ')
 }

 //邮编(加入门牌号；考虑到重复邮编问题；去除之前简单的六位数字校验)

 for (let index = 0; index < zipCodeList.length; index++) {
 if (address.indexOf(zipCodeList[index]) != -1) {
  let num = address.indexOf(zipCodeList[index]);
  let code = address.slice(num, num + 6);
  parse.zip_code = code;
  address = address.replace(code, '')
 }
 }


 /* 废弃
 const zipReg = /([0-9]{6})/g;
 const zip = zipReg.exec(address);
 if (zip) {
  parse.zip_code = zip[0];
  address = address.replace(zip[0], '')
 } 
 */

 address = address.replace(/ {2,}/, ' ');
 //console.log(address)

 let detail = detail_parse_forward(address.trim());
 if (!detail.city) {
 detail = detail_parse(address.trim());
 if (detail.area && !detail.city) {
  detail = detail_parse(address.trim(), {
  ignoreArea: true
  });
  console.log('smart_parse->ignoreArea（忽略区）');
 } else {
  // console.log('smart_parse');
 }
 //这个待完善
 const list = address.replace(detail.province, '').replace(detail.city, '').replace(detail.area, '').split(' ').filter(str => str);
 //详细住址划分关键字
 //注意：只需要填写关键字最后一位即可：比如单元填写元即可！
 const address_detail_list = ['室', '楼', '元', '号', '幢', '门', '户'];
 if (list.length > 1) {
  list.forEach(str => {
  if (!parse.name || str && str.length < parse.name.length) {
   parse.name = str.trim()
  }
  });
  if (parse.name) {
  detail.addr = detail.addr.replace(parse.name, '').trim()
  }
 } else {//若名字写在详细地址后面，根据address_detail_list进行分割；
  let key = [];
  address_detail_list.forEach((el) => {
  key.push(detail.addr.indexOf(el))
  })
  var max = key.sort(function (a, b) {
  return b - a;
  })[0];
  if (max != -1) {
  let addrBuild = detail.addr.slice(0, max + 1);
  let addrNum = detail.addr.replace(addrBuild, '').replace(/[^0-9]+/g, '');
  let userName = detail.addr.replace(addrBuild + addrNum, '')
  detail.addr = addrBuild + addrNum
  parse.name = userName
  }
 }
 } else {
 if (detail.name) {
  parse.name = detail.name
 } else {
  const list = detail.addr.split(' ').filter(str => str);
  if (list.length > 1) {
  parse.name = list[list.length - 1]
  }
  if (parse.name) {
  detail.addr = detail.addr.replace(parse.name, '').trim()
  }
 }
 }
 parse.province = detail.province;
 parse.city = detail.city;
 parse.area = detail.area;
 parse.addr = detail.addr;
 parse.result = detail.result;
 return parse;
}

/**
 * 正向解析模式
 * 从前到后按 province city addr 逐级筛选
 * 有city的值即可说明解析成功
 * 此模式对地址顺序有要求
 * @param address
 * @returns {{province: string, city: string, area: string, addr: string}}
 */
function detail_parse_forward(address) {
 const parse = {
 province: '',
 city: '',
 area: '',
 addr: '',
 name: '',
 };

 const provinceKey = ['特别行政区', '古自治区', '维吾尔自治区', '壮族自治区', '回族自治区', '自治区', '省省直辖', '省', '市'];
 const cityKey = ['布依族苗族自治州', '苗族侗族自治州', '自治州', '州', '市', '县'];

 for (let i in defaultData) {
 const province = defaultData[i];
 let index = address.indexOf(province.name);
 if (index > -1) {
  if (index > 0) {
  //省份不是在第一位，在省份之前的字段识别为名称
  parse.name = address.substr(0, index).trim();
  }
  parse.province = province.name;
  address = address.substr(index + province.name.length);
  for (let k in provinceKey) {
  if (address.indexOf(provinceKey[k]) === 0) {
   address = address.substr(provinceKey[k].length);
  }
  }
  for (let j in province.city) {
  const city = province.city[j];
  index = address.indexOf(city.name);
  if (index > -1 && index < 3) {
   parse.city = city.name;
   address = address.substr(index + parse.city.length);
   for (let k in cityKey) {
   if (address.indexOf(cityKey[k]) === 0) {
    address = address.substr(cityKey[k].length);
   }
   }
   if (city.area) {
   for (let k in city.area) {
    const area = city.area[k];
    index = address.indexOf(area);
    if (index > -1 && index < 3) {
    parse.area = area;
    address = address.substr(index + parse.area.length);
    break;
    }
   }
   }
   break;
  }
  }
  parse.addr = address.trim();
  break;
 }
 }
 return parse;
}

/**
 * 逆向解析 从后【县，区，旗】往前解析
 * 有地区就能大概返回地址了
 * @param address
 * @param ignoreArea 是否忽视区 因为地址中含有区容易导致匹配错误 例：山东省蓬莱市黄海花园东区西门宝威学堂 曲荣声收15753572456
 * @returns {{province: string, city: string, area: string, name: string, _area: string, addr: string}}
 */
function detail_parse(address, {
 ignoreArea = false
} = {}) {
 const parse = {
 province: '',
 city: '',
 area: '',
 name: '',
 _area: '',
 addr: '',
 };
 let areaIndex = -1,
 cityIndex = -1;

 address = address.replace(' ', ' ');

 if (!ignoreArea && address.indexOf('县') > -1 || !ignoreArea && address.indexOf('区') > -1 || !ignoreArea && address.indexOf('旗') > -1) {
 if (address.indexOf('旗') > -1) {
  areaIndex = address.indexOf('旗');
  parse.area = address.substr(areaIndex - 1, 2);
 }
 if (address.indexOf('区') > -1) {
  areaIndex = address.indexOf('区');
  if (address.lastIndexOf('市', areaIndex) > -1) {
  cityIndex = address.lastIndexOf('市', areaIndex);
  parse.area = address.substr(cityIndex + 1, areaIndex - cityIndex);
  } else {
  parse.area = address.substr(areaIndex - 2, 3);
  }
 }
 if (address.indexOf('县') > -1) {
  areaIndex = address.lastIndexOf('县');
  if (address.lastIndexOf('市', areaIndex) > -1) {
  cityIndex = address.lastIndexOf('市', areaIndex);
  parse.area = address.substr(cityIndex + 1, areaIndex - cityIndex);
  } else {
  parse.area = address.substr(areaIndex - 2, 3);
  }
 }
 parse.addr = address.substr(areaIndex + 1);

 } else {
 if (address.indexOf('市') > -1) {
  areaIndex = address.indexOf('市');
  parse.area = address.substr(areaIndex - 2, 3);
  parse.addr = address.substr(areaIndex + 1);
 } else {
  parse.addr = address
 }
 }

 if (address.indexOf('市') > -1 || address.indexOf('盟') > -1 || address.indexOf('州') > -1) {
 if (address.indexOf('市') > -1) {
  parse._area = address.substr(address.indexOf('市') - 2, 2);
 }
 if (address.indexOf('盟') > -1 && !mCity[parse._area]) {
  parse._area = address.substr(address.indexOf('盟') - 2, 2);
 }
 if (address.indexOf('州') > -1 && !mCity[parse._area]) {
  parse._area = address.substr(address.indexOf('州') - 2, 2);
 }
 }

 parse.area = parse.area.trim();

 if (parse.area && mArea[parse.area]) {
 if (mArea[parse.area].length === 1) {
  parse.province = mArea[parse.area][0].p;
  parse.city = mArea[parse.area][0].c
 } else {
  parse._area = parse._area.trim();
  const addr = address.substr(0, areaIndex);
  const d = mArea[parse.area].find(item => {
  return item.p.indexOf(addr) > -1 || item.c === parse._area;
  });
  if (d) {
  parse.province = d.p;
  parse.city = d.c
  } else {
  parse.result = mArea[parse.area];
  }
 }
 } else {
 if (parse._area) {
  const city = mCity[parse._area];
  if (city) {
  parse.province = city[0].p;
  parse.city = city[0].c;
  parse.addr = address.substr(address.indexOf(parse.city) + parse.city.length + 1);
  parse.area = '';
  for (let i in city[0].a) {
   if (parse.addr.indexOf(city[0].a[i]) === 0) {
   parse.area = city[0].a[i];
   parse.addr = parse.addr.replace(city[0].a[i], '');
   break;
   }
  }
  }
 } else {
  parse.area = '';
 }
 }
 parse.addr = parse.addr.trim();
 return parse
}

/*export {parseArea}

export default parse;*/

下面介绍部分具体的使用实例：

HTML部分

<textarea class="weui-textarea sj_textarea" onchange="smart_parse2()" placeholder="[智能填写] 例如：张三1351111111江苏省扬州市广陵区XX小区X楼xxx室" rows="2"></textarea>

JavaScript逻辑部分

//智能识别地址
  function smart_parse2() {
   var value = $('.sj_textarea').val();
   console.log(parse(value));//这里可以看一下解析出来的内容
   var html = '';
   for (var key in parse(value)) {
    if (parse(value)[key]) {
     html += `<p>` + key + `:` + parse(value)[key] + `</p>`
    }
   }   //把解析的内容在赋值到页面元素中(这儿业务使用的Jq，实际上不需要)
   $('#sj_name').val(parse(value).name);
   $('#sj_phone').val(parse(value).phone);
   $('#city-picker2').val(parse(value).province + ' ' + parse(value).city + ' ' + parse(value).area);
   $('#sj_addr').val(parse(value).addr);
  }

该方案使用过程非常简便，且具备较高的容错能力。

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