JavaScript生成随机验证码与校验逻辑详解

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
    <style>
        .container{
            width: 400px;
            height: 100px;
            margin:100px auto;
            background-color: hsla(180, 73%, 78%, 0.199);
            border-radius: 20px;
            text-align: center;
            padding: 20px;
        }
        #check{
            display: inline-block;
            width: 100px;
            height: 30px;
            text-align: center;
            background-color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.158);
            color:blue;
            font-size:26px;
            font-style: italic;
            letter-spacing: 2px;
            font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        .ma{
            margin-bottom: 12px;
        }

    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div>
            <span id="check">adf34y</span>
            <a href="#" id="checka">看不清换一张</a>
        </div>
        <div class="ma">
            <label for="zheng">验证码</label>
            <input type="text" id="zheng">
        </div>
        <button id="btn">确定</button>
    </div>

    <script>
        let sum=[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,'a','b','c','d','e','f'];
        var check=document.getElementById("check");
        var code;
        
        function fun(){
            let str="";
            for(let i=0;i<6;i++){
                let pos=Math.round(Math.random()*15);//注意这个写法，取随机数
                str+=sum[pos];
            }
            check.innerHTML=str;
            return str;
        }

        window.onload=function(){
            code=fun();
        }

        let checka=document.getElementById("checka");
        checka.onclick=function(){
            code=fun();
        }
        
        let btn=document.getElementById("btn");
        btn.onclick=function(){
            let t=document.getElementById("zheng").value;
            console.log(t)
            if(t==code){
                alert("正确");
                code=fun();
                document.getElementById("zheng").value="";
            }
            else{
                alert("错误");
                document.getElementById("zheng").value="";
            }
        }
        

    </script>
</body>

</html>